This note explains
the follolwing topics: Computers, Levels of Abstraction and Architecture,
Performance Concepts and Performance Evaluation, Instruction Set Architecture,
ALU Design, Designing a Single Cycle Datapath, Designing Single Cycle Control,
Designing a Multiple Cycle Processor , Designing a Multiple Cycle Controller,
Designing a Pipeline Processor, Cache Memory, Memory Systems , Virtual Memory.
Overview
The following PDF, provided by Vardhaman College Of Engineering, gives an
overview of the broad aspects of computer architecture and organization. It
begins with the very structure of computers, outlining various generations and
classifications according to size, capability, and the number of
microprocessors. Basic concepts such as Von Neumann architecture, bus
structures, and differences between RISC/Reduced Instruction Set Computing
versus CISC/Complex Instruction Set Computing architectures are thrown light
upon. It also covers multiprocessors and multicomputer systems with their roles
in contemporary computing. The principles of basic computer organization and
design are explained together with the algorithmic considerations to create a
full understanding of how computers are structured and function. This is a very
useful textbook for the student and professional who wants to understand all
there is about computer architecture.
Written
by Prabhas Chongstitvatana from Chulalongkorn University, this highly
informative PDF gives comprehensive detail about the principles of computer
architecture. It starts by introducing some core concepts and works up through
coverage of Instruction Set Architecture by elaborating on the very basic
workings of computer systems. It also addresses computer arithmetic, along with
the design of control units that is essential in explaining how the CPU manages
its operations. It covers processor design, from a simple model of a CPU to its
advances like pipelining and instruction-level parallelism; then it goes further
to touch on vector machines, memory system design, magnetic disk technology, and
finally concludes with considerations toward future architectures. This PDF is a
broad resource for foundational and advanced understandings of computer
architecture.
Author(s): Prabhas Chongstitvatana, Chulalongkorn
University
This
course, Introduction to Computer Architecture, is considered in the content of
an in-depth exposition of principles and techniques in the design of computer
systems. It includes a view of development history and basic principles of
computer design, and later goes deeper into techniques that optimize memory
hierarchy and performance evaluation. It covers the types of parallelism:
instruction-level parallelism, data-level parallelism, and thread-level
parallelism; and the trends in these, which are warehouse computing and
domain-specific architectures. An individual can make most use of this resource
by considering the impact that different design strategies have on their
performance and efficiency; therefore, it suits best for students and
professionals who wish to learn the computer architecture in the past and
nowadays.
This
is a comprehensive 118-page detailed note on advanced topics in computer
architecture. This starts with the principles of processor performance and the
basics of RISC and CISC architecture classification. The document investigates
the basics of pipelining and its hazards, and some advanced architectures like
superscalar and super-pipelined systems. Very Long Instruction Word (VLIW)
architectures and basic multiprocessor designs are also emphasized. This note
explains Flynn's classification, array processors, vector processors,
associative processors, and systolic architectures. Hierarchical memory
technology is discussed followed by various computing models that work on these
computing devices, such as data flow computers and cloud computing. The two
sections in this resource will be useful to those who want to address current
developments and architectures in computer systems.
These
lecture notes by Dr. R. M. Siegfried on computer architecture and organization
begin right from the very basics of number systems and arithmetic. The notes go
on to describe Boolean algebra in detail, Karnaugh mapping related to the
simplification of logic functions, and introduce the Quine-McCluskey method for
Boolean expression minimization. The sections on combinational circuits and
synchronous sequential logic are more detailed aspects for insight into the
design of digital circuits. It also discusses Registers and counters, Register
transfer and micro-operations, and Computer organization and design. The paper
then delves deeper into microprogrammed control, Floating-point data handling,
and more advanced topics like Pipelining and Vector processing. These notes in
hand will be very useful to learners in the realm of computer systems both
theoretically and practically.
These
lecture notes, written by David A. Wood and T. A. Ramkumar Ravikumar, summarize
the basics necessary to understand computer architecture. This course material
gives an exhaustive introduction to designing a single-processor computer by
covering processor datapath, control units, and memory systems. It covers all
aspects of performance metrics, instruction execution, arithmetic operations,
and control mechanisms. Further, it covers pipelining, caching, and virtual
memory management. They also discuss the multiprocessor systems and
consideration in their design. The comprehensive guide is targeted at students
and professionals who want to understand a broad view of computer architecture
and practical applications.
Author(s): David A. Wood and T. A.
Ramkumar Ravikumar