This note introduces students to
oceanographic processes active at the Earth's surface and their relationship to
other components of the Earth's overall environment including climate
variability and Global Change issues. Topics covered includes: Structure of the
Earth, The Earth's Ocean Basins, Plate Tectonics, The Earth's Atmosphere and
Heat Budget, Ocean Waves and Tides, Surface Ocean Circulation, he Nature and
Properties of Water, Variability of Water in the World's Oceans, Deep Ocean
Circulation, Weathering and Erosion, Marine Sedimentation, Coastal Environments
and Beach Processes, Nutrients and Dissolved Gases in the World's Oceans,
Systematics of Marine Biology, Marine Ecology - Trophic Levels and Food Webs,
Marine Ecosystems, Coral Reef Ecosystems, Paleoclimate/Paleoceanography,
Managing the Ocean Ocean Resources.
This note explains
the following topics: Applications of the laws of physics to the study of the
properties and circulation of the worlds oceans, Geographical description of the
oceans, physical properties of sea water, derivation of the equations of motion
for steady ocean circulation on a rotating planet, Ekman layer, Stommel and Munk
boundary layers, and the Sverdrup Balance, abyssal circulation, thermohaline
circulation, instrumentation and observation.
This note covers the following
topics: Properties of water and seawater, Major ions of seawater, Chemical
Equilibrium, Activity scales and activity corrections, s balance - the
cornerstone of chemical oceanography, Biological production, Respiration,
Biolimiting elements, Gas exchange, Acids and bases, Ocean carbonate system,
Particle flux, The redox sequence and sediment diagenesis, Isotope geochemistry,
Radiocarbon and ocean age.
This
lecture note provides an introduction to basic ideas of geophysical wave motion
in rotating, stratified, and rotating-stratified fluids. Subject begins with
general wave concepts of phase and group velocity. It also covers the dynamics
and kinematics of gravity waves with a focus on dispersion, energy flux, initial
value problems, etc.