This lecture note explains the use Trace Element Geochemistry to
understand the origin and evolution of igneous rocks. The approach is to discuss
the parameters that control partitioning of trace elements between phases and to
develop models for the partitioning of trace elements between phases in igneous
systems, especially between minerals and melt. Beginnings of geochemistry,
Thermodynamic consideration of TE solid solutions, Partition coefficient, Ionic
model for bonding, Nomenclature for trace element classification, Determination
of partition coefficients, Trace element abundance variations in simple
melt-solid systems, Fractional crystallization, Fractional melting, Complex
melting models, Constraints on melt models arising from disequilibrium in the Th-U
decay system, Ion exchange chromatography.
This
note covers all aspects of molecular biosignatures, such as their pathways of
lipid biosynthesis, the distribution patterns of lipid biosynthetic pathways
with regard to phylogeny and physiology, isotopic contents, occurrence in modern
organisms and environments, diagenetic pathways, analytical techniques and the
occurrence of molecular fossils through the geological record.
Author(s): Prof.
Roger Summons, Dr. Florence Schubotz, Dr. Julio Sepulveda and Dr. Paula Welander
This note covers the following
topics: Geochemical Fundamentals, Low Temperature Geochemistry: The hydrologic
cycle and sedimentary systems, High Temperature and Planetary Geochemistry.
The central objective of
this lecture in a deeper understanding of mantle interaction. Topics include:
history of ocean basins, formation of MORBs and OIB's, mantle geochemistry,
mantle heterogeneity; slab recycling, mantle models.
This note explains the
following topics: acid or base and electrochemical concepts, aqueous
geochemistry and solid-water interactions with an emphasis on ground water,
chemical weathering, mineral thermodynamics and redox (Eh-pH) diagrams and their
applications to soil and mineral stability and ground water chemistry, modeling,
environmental geochemistry and isotopes applied to groundwaters.
This note describes the following topics:
Physics of the Nucleus and Radioactive Decay, Nucleosynthesis, Geochronology,
Radiogenic Isotope Geochemistry, Cosmogenic Isotopes in Geochronology, Fission
Track Dating, Isotope Cosmochemistry, Stable Isotope Geochemistry.