This
note covers the following topics: Taxation, revenue authorities and ethical
issues, Tax audit and investigation, Tax appeal tribunal and interpretation of
tax laws, Tax planning and tax avoidance, Taxation of incomes, offences and
penalities, Taxation of income from settlement, Trusts and estates, value added
tax, capital allowances, Tax effects of privatisation and commercialisation,
profits, assessable profits and tax payable, persons chargeable offences and
penalities.
This note provides a basic framework of
public finance at the microeconomic level, starting from a general theory of
taxation on commodity, income and corporate profits and then extending issues of
tax evasion and compliance, and tax reform. Topics covered includes: Commodity
Taxation, Individual Income Taxation, Corporate Taxation, Capital Income
Taxation, Inheritance and Gift Taxation, Tax Compliance and Evasion, Tax
Reform.
Traditional finance and other business courses notes analyze a
broad spectrum of factors affecting business decision-making but typically give
little systematic consideration to the role of taxes. In contrast, traditional
tax accounting course note concentrate on administrative issues while ignoring
the richness of the context in which tax factors operate. The objective of this
note is to bridge this gap by providing a framework for recognizing tax planning
opportunities and applying basic principles of tax strategy.