This lecture note will
serve as a practical guideline for the hard-pressed mid-level health workers. We
hope that it will be a good introduction to eye diseases for health science
students working in Ethiopia. This note covers the following topics: basic
anatomy and physiology of the eye, basic examination of the eye, external eye
diseases, differential diagnosis of red eye, community ophthalmology, eye
injuries and systemic disease and the eye.
Since ocular infections are one of
the most frequent occurrences in ophthalmology, the treatment for these
infections must be fast, precise and effective. Clinical diagnosis of ocular
infections can be confirmed by several techniques based on microbiological test
of ocular samples. This guide explains about most common ocular infections and
its treatment.
It
is convenient to start with the conception that glaucoma is increased tension of
the eyeball, plus the causes and effects of such increase; although a broad
survey of the facts may reveal a clinical entity to be called glaucoma, without
increased tension constantly or necessarily present, and cases of increased
intra-ocular tension not to be classed as glaucoma.