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Astrophysics II
Covered topics are: What is a Galaxy?, Gravitational Potentials, Orbits in Spherical Potentials and Integrals, Orbits in Axisymmetric Potentials, Epicyclic Approximation, Equilibria of Stellar Systems, Boltzmann Equation, Jeans' Equations in Spherical Coordinates, Jeans' Equations Applied, Jeans' Theorem, Stability: Jeans Mass and Spiral Structure, Gravitational Mirages (aka lenses) via Fermat's Principle, Applied Gravitational Lensing, Weak Lensing, Clusters of Galaxies, The Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect, Cosmological Parameters, Growing Modes in Expanding Universes: Jeans Redux.
Author(s): Prof. Paul Schechter
NA Pages 
This PDF covers the following topics related to Astronomy : Introduction to Astrophysics, Size and Distance Scales, Stars: A Basic Overview, Temperature, Luminosity, and Energy, Energy Sources, The Two-Body Problem and Kepler’s Laws, Binary Systems, Exoplanets, Planets, and the Solar System, Gravitational Waves, Radiation, Radiative Transfer, Stellar Classification, Spectra, and Some Thermodynamics, Stellar Atmospheres, Timescales in Stellar Interiors, Stellar Structure, Stability, Instability, and Convection, Polytropes, An Introduction to Nuclear Fusion, Nuclear Reaction Pathways, End Stages of Nuclear Burning, Stellar Evolution: The Core, Stellar Evolution: The Rest of the Picture, On the Deaths of Massive Stars, Compact Objects, Neutron Stars, Black Holes, Accretion, Fluid Mechanics, The Interstellar Medium, Exoplanet Atmospheres, The Big Bang, Our Starting Point, Thermal and Thermodynamic Equilibrium, Energy Transport.
Author(s): I.J.M. Crossfield
NA Pages
Introduction to Astronomy by Prof. Saul Rappaport
This note provides a quantitative introduction to the physics of the solar system, stars, the interstellar medium, the galaxy, and the universe, as determined from a variety of astronomical observations and models.
Author(s): Prof. Saul Rappaport
NA Pages
Lectures on the History of Astronomy
This note describes the following topics: Astronomy History and science, Ancient Mesopotamian Astronomy, Greek Astronomy, Islamic Astronomy, The Copernican Revolution, The Universe of the 20th Century.
Author(s): David J Jeffery
124 Pages
An Introduction to Astronomy by Helen Johnston
This astronomy note introduces you to the wonders of modern astronomy.From the Solar System to the most distant galaxies, we undertake an eye-opening journey, from how stars work to the structure of the universe itself.
Author(s): Helen Johnston
NA Pages