Fundamentals and Applications of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
Fundamentals and Applications of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
Fundamentals and Applications of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
This note provides an overview of the principles and applications
of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, a powerful technique for elemental
analysis. Prof. Yalc discusses the physics that underlies LIBS, including the
formation and evolution of laser plasmas, and shows the components of a LIBS
system, including lasers, optics, and detection systems. The note explores
further the use of laser plasma excitation for spectrochemical analysis, which
is applicable to gases, liquids, solids, and particles. A special issue like
double pulse LIBS, resonance-enhanced LIBS, and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF-LIBS)
are also covered. The importance of this note lies in the recent advances and
applications in the areas of materials science as well as environmental
analysis.
This note aims to have a detailed
explanation of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy focusing on its
applications in the study of molecular structure, especially proteins and other
biomolecules. Key topics explored include the electromagnetic spectrum, the
vector model of NMR, magnetization properties, and NMR excitation. The note
further introduces advanced concepts like chemical shift, nuclear shielding, and
spin-spin coupling as all forms necessary for interpreting NMR spectra. There
have been introductions of multi-dimensional NMR techniques that use them in
protein structure determination, and this book is very useful for researchers
and students to understand the theoretical and applied aspects of NMR
spectroscopy.
This note
focuses on how spectroscopic techniques can be integrated to determine the
structure of unknown molecules. It starts off with an overview of the
electromagnetic spectrum and basic 1H NMR, moving on to much advanced discussion
about how NMR can be combined with other methods such as IR, UV, and mass
spectrometry for an overall structural analysis. It goes over chemical shifts of
protons, coupling constants, and the use of 2D NMR for obtaining detailed
structural information. Other topics discussed include multinuclear NMR, dynamic
NMR and conformational, as well as chemical exchange rates measurement. This
note is perfect for students and researchers who want to use several
spectroscopic methods in the determination of the structure of a compound.