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Fundamentals and Applications of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
This note provides an overview of the principles and applications of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, a powerful technique for elemental analysis. Prof. Yalc discusses the physics that underlies LIBS, including the formation and evolution of laser plasmas, and shows the components of a LIBS system, including lasers, optics, and detection systems. The note explores further the use of laser plasma excitation for spectrochemical analysis, which is applicable to gases, liquids, solids, and particles. A special issue like double pulse LIBS, resonance-enhanced LIBS, and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF-LIBS) are also covered. The importance of this note lies in the recent advances and applications in the areas of materials science as well as environmental analysis.
Author(s): Prof. Dr. Serife H. Yalc
NA Pages 
Understanding NMR Spectroscopy
James Keeler's note on NMR spectroscopy is rather solid in presenting principles of NMR along with its application to chemical structure analysis. It covers key topics like energy levels involved in NMR, the vector model, Fourier transformation, and data processing. The note explains how NMR spectrometers work and introduces more advanced techniques like two-dimensional NMR, which permits the analysis of far more detailed complex molecular structures. Additional topics covered include relaxation processes, phase cycling, and gradient pulses to give a full understanding of NMR spectroscopy to students and researchers looking to master this powerful analytical tool.
Author(s): James Keeler
NA Pages
Structure Determination Using Spectroscopic Methods
This note focuses on how spectroscopic techniques can be integrated to determine the structure of unknown molecules. It starts off with an overview of the electromagnetic spectrum and basic 1H NMR, moving on to much advanced discussion about how NMR can be combined with other methods such as IR, UV, and mass spectrometry for an overall structural analysis. It goes over chemical shifts of protons, coupling constants, and the use of 2D NMR for obtaining detailed structural information. Other topics discussed include multinuclear NMR, dynamic NMR and conformational, as well as chemical exchange rates measurement. This note is perfect for students and researchers who want to use several spectroscopic methods in the determination of the structure of a compound.
Author(s): Hans J. Reich
NA Pages