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Philosophy of Astrophysics
This PDF by Nora Mills Boyd, Siska De Baerdemaeker, Kevin Heng, and Vera Matarese is an explication of how the theory and observation balance within astrophysics. Items under discussion include laboratory astrophysics, the problem with the Hubble constant, and also how theory plays a game of give-and-take with observation in stellar population synthesis. Discussions on epistemological lessons extracted from gravitational-wave astrophysics are also present, covering simulation practices, idealisations in computer modeling, and verification of data. Discussing the philosophical implications of observational black hole astrophysics and entity realism in extragalactic studies, it ends with reflections by a theoretical astrophysicist, providing an all-encompassing view into the foundations and methodologies that guide todays astrophysical research.
Author(s): Nora Mills Boyd, Siska De Baerdemaeker, Kevin Heng, Vera Matarese
330 Pages 
Astrochemistry during the formation of stars
Authored by Jes K. Jurgensen, Arnaud Belloche and Robin T. Garrod, this PDF delves into the role that astrochemistry plays in the process of star formation. Recent advances and challenges in the field are addressed, with a focus on chemical inventories in star-forming regions. Chemical differentiation and the evolution of the protostar under physical conditions are addressed by the authors, who underscore fractionation as one of the processes. The communication of physical and chemical aspects of star formation is made by the document as it exposes the reader to such complicated interactions which finally end in the emergence of stars and development of chemical complexity in space.
Author(s): Jes K. Jurgensen, Arnaud Belloche, and Robin T. Garrod
55 Pages
Sulfur Ice Astrochemistry A Review of Laboratory Studies
The review by Duncan V. Mifsud and other authors points at the role which sulfur plays in the special world of astrochemistry as an element of paramount importance to biological systems and planetary geology. A pdf of laboratory studies involving sulfur-bearing molecules include spectroscopy and results from experiments on thermal and photochemical processing. Charged particle bombardment and radiolysis of sulfur ice analogues are discussed for a better understanding of the behavior of sulfur in extraterrestrial environments. The current document concludes with proposed further research directions and continues to highlight the importance of sulfur in astrochemical processes.
Author(s): Duncan V. Mifsud, Zuzana Kanuchova, Péter Herczku, Sergio Ioppolo
38 Pages